Light, a phenomenon fundamental to our understanding of the world, has captivated scientists for centuries. From the dancing stars in the night sky to the radiant hues presented on a rainbow, light's appearances are both remarkable. The science of light, or optics, explains the nature of this essential element through the lens of physics. Through

Before the advent through electricity, humans relied upon a variety of ingenious devices to combat the darkness. From the flickering flames around primitive torches to the gentle glow produced by oil lamps, these early sources of illumination transformed life during darkness. Candles, with their warm light and comforting aroma, became a staple in h